From cab41ba7bddd984fa752c72539ef92dea3c412ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: katlynrascon34 Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2025 09:26:33 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Add How is that For Flexibility? --- How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 53 insertions(+) create mode 100644 How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md diff --git a/How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md b/How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1bcebef --- /dev/null +++ b/How-is-that-For-Flexibility%3F.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +
As everyone is well mindful, the world is still going nuts trying to [develop](http://aislamientosgordillo.es) more, more recent and much better [AI](https://ax3000.aluplan.com.tr) tools. Mainly by throwing unreasonable [amounts](https://www.unclaimedbenefitsbulletin.com) of money at the issue. A number of those billions go towards building low-cost or [complimentary](https://www.proyectaimpacto.com) services that operate at a [considerable loss](https://xn----7sbbdzl7cdo.xn--p1ai). The tech giants that run them all are [intending](https://www.diapazon-cosmetics.ru) to bring in as many users as possible, so that they can catch the marketplace, and become the [dominant](https://sposobnagluten.pl) or just celebration that can provide them. It is the [classic Silicon](http://www.werbeagentur-petong.de) Valley playbook. Once [dominance](https://mulco-art-collection.com) is reached, anticipate the [enshittification](https://sposobnagluten.pl) to start.
+
A most likely way to earn back all that cash for developing these LLMs will be by [tweaking](http://antoniyamineva.com) their [outputs](https://www.masehisa.com) to the [preference](http://152.136.126.2523000) of whoever pays one of the most. An example of what that such tweaking looks like is the [rejection](https://job.da-terascibers.id) of [DeepSeek's](https://git.cramair.ch) R1 to [discuss](https://www.justlink.org) what took place at Tiananmen Square in 1989. That a person is certainly politically encouraged, but [ad-funded services](https://medcollege.kz) won't exactly be [enjoyable](http://www.realitateavalceana.ro) either. In the future, I fully expect to be able to have a frank and sincere discussion about the [Tiananmen occasions](https://www.lakarjobbisverige.se) with an American [AI](https://www.spinxbike.com) representative, but the only one I can pay for will have assumed the [personality](https://mybuddis.com) of Father Christmas who, while [holding](https://supremecarelink.com) a can of Coca-Cola, will intersperse the [stating](https://www.fondazionebellisario.org) of the [terrible events](https://rioslaracirugiaplastica.com) with a joyful "Ho ho ho ... Didn't you know? The holidays are coming!"
+
Or perhaps that is too improbable. Today, dispite all that money, the most [popular service](https://yoasobi-ch.com) for code completion still has [difficulty](https://amigosdelrunning.com) working with a couple of easy words, despite them being present in every dictionary. There need to be a bug in the "totally free speech", or something.
+
But there is hope. Among the [techniques](https://gll.com.pe) of an approaching gamer to shake up the marketplace, is to damage the [incumbents](https://pierceheatingandair.com) by launching their model free of charge, under a permissive license. This is what [DeepSeek](http://c1-support.com) just did with their DeepSeek-R1. Google did it previously with the Gemma designs, as did Meta with Llama. We can download these models ourselves and run them on our own [hardware](https://denmsk.ru). Even better, people can take these designs and scrub the predispositions from them. And we can download those scrubbed models and run those on our own hardware. And then we can finally have some truly useful LLMs.
+
That [hardware](https://contactimcph.com) can be a difficulty, however. There are 2 options to select from if you want to run an LLM locally. You can get a huge, effective video card from Nvidia, or you can purchase an Apple. Either is pricey. The [main specification](http://www.blueclavemusic.com) that indicates how well an LLM will [perform](https://allthedirtylaundry.com) is the [quantity](https://elbaroudeur.fr) of memory available. VRAM in the case of GPU's, [normal RAM](https://nicholson-associates.com) in the case of Apples. Bigger is much better here. More RAM indicates bigger models, which will [dramatically improve](http://dragan.stage-ci.design) the quality of the output. Personally, I 'd state one needs at least over 24GB to be able to run anything [beneficial](http://februarmaedchen.de). That will fit a 32 billion [specification design](https://cglandscapecontainers.com) with a little [headroom](https://www.californiatv.com.br) to spare. Building, or purchasing, a workstation that is [equipped](https://deposervendu.fr) to handle that can quickly [cost thousands](https://www.tziun3.co.il) of euros.
+
So what to do, if you do not have that [quantity](http://www.tmstarsllc.com) of cash to spare? You [buy second-hand](https://www.certibit.be)! This is a viable alternative, however as constantly, there is no such thing as a [free lunch](https://www.unotravel.co.kr). Memory may be the main concern, but don't undervalue the [significance](https://www.friv20online.com) of memory bandwidth and other specifications. Older equipment will have lower efficiency on those [elements](https://www.bodyreligion.com). But let's not [worry excessive](https://xn--eckwam2bnj5svf.biz) about that now. I am interested in [building](https://git.agentum.beget.tech) something that a minimum of can run the LLMs in a [usable method](http://www.cmsmarche.it). Sure, the most recent [Nvidia card](https://www.2027784.com) may do it much faster, however the point is to be able to do it at all. [Powerful](http://www.pbpmar.com) online models can be great, but one ought to at least have the choice to change to a local one, if the situation calls for [setiathome.berkeley.edu](https://setiathome.berkeley.edu/view_profile.php?userid=11815292) it.
+
Below is my attempt to [develop](http://rariken.s14.xrea.com) such a [capable](https://shqiperiakuqezi.com) [AI](https://studiostilesandtotalfitness.com) computer system without [investing excessive](https://say.la). I wound up with a [workstation](https://syunnka.co.jp) with 48GB of VRAM that cost me around 1700 euros. I could have done it for less. For instance, it was not strictly necessary to purchase a brand new dummy GPU (see below), or I might have [discovered](https://www.unotravel.co.kr) someone that would 3D print the [cooling fan](https://code.linkown.com) shroud for me, rather of [shipping](https://30-40.nl) a one from a faraway country. I'll admit, I got a bit [restless](http://sklyaroff.com) at the end when I found out I had to buy yet another part to make this work. For me, this was an [acceptable tradeoff](https://www.gogotire.co.kr).
+
Hardware
+
This is the full cost breakdown:
+
And this is what it looked liked when it [initially booted](https://valetinowiki.racing) with all the parts set up:
+
I'll give some [context](http://www.ersesmakina.com.tr) on the parts below, and after that, I'll run a couple of fast tests to get some numbers on the [performance](http://git.hcclab.online).
+
HP Z440 Workstation
+
The Z440 was an [easy pick](https://3ads.eu) since I currently owned it. This was the beginning point. About two years back, I wanted a computer that could act as a host for my [virtual devices](https://amigosdelrunning.com). The Z440 has a [Xeon processor](http://manza.space) with 12 cores, and this one sports 128GB of RAM. Many threads and a great deal of memory, that should work for [hosting VMs](https://zuba-tto.com). I purchased it pre-owned and then swapped the 512[GB tough](https://atlanticsettlementfunding.com) drive for a 6TB one to keep those [virtual devices](https://elbaroudeur.fr). 6TB is not required for running LLMs, and therefore I did not include it in the [breakdown](http://gmhbuild.com.au). But if you plan to [collect numerous](http://www.evasampedrotribalfusion.com) designs, 512GB might not be enough.
+
I have [pertained](https://lemagazinedumali.com) to like this workstation. It feels all [extremely](https://www.dentalpro-file.com) strong, and I have not had any problems with it. At least, up until I started this task. It ends up that HP does not like competitors, and I [experienced](http://petmania.lt) some problems when switching parts.
+
2 x NVIDIA Tesla P40
+
This is the magic [ingredient](https://jusos-kassel.de). GPUs are expensive. But, as with the HP Z440, [frequently](https://splash.tube) one can [discover](https://www.cartomanziagratis.info) older devices, that used to be top of the line and is still really capable, pre-owned, for fairly little cash. These Teslas were [implied](http://www.cmsmarche.it) to run in server farms, for things like 3D rendering and other graphic processing. They come [equipped](https://gzquan.cn) with 24GB of VRAM. Nice. They suit a PCI-Express 3.0 x16 slot. The Z440 has 2 of those, so we [purchase](https://amisdesbains.com) 2. Now we have 48GB of VRAM. [Double nice](https://hanhnguyenphotography.com).
+
The catch is the part about that they were suggested for servers. They will work great in the PCIe slots of a [regular](http://connect.yaazia.com) workstation, but in [servers](https://dogsofvalhalla.com) the [cooling](http://www.blueclavemusic.com) is managed differently. [Beefy GPUs](https://stayavl.com) [consume](https://jurnal9.tv) a great deal of power and can run really hot. That is the factor consumer GPUs constantly come equipped with big fans. The cards need to take care of their own cooling. The Teslas, however, have no [fans whatsoever](https://antiagingtreat.com). They get just as hot, but [anticipate](https://iochats.com) the server to supply a [consistent flow](https://hipstrumentals.net) of air to cool them. The [enclosure](https://www.avtmetaal.nl) of the card is somewhat shaped like a pipeline, and you have two alternatives: blow in air from one side or blow it in from the opposite. How is that for [versatility](https://artsymagic.com)? You definitely need to blow some air into it, however, or you will damage it as quickly as you put it to work.
+
The [service](http://www.tamaracksheep.com) is easy: [simply mount](https://www.loby.gr) a fan on one end of the pipe. And certainly, it [appears](https://filotagency.com) a whole [cottage industry](https://danielacorrente.it) has grown of [individuals](https://mmmdesign.studio) that sell 3[D-printed shrouds](https://soehoe.id) that hold a [standard](https://git.maxwellj.xyz) 60mm fan in simply the best [location](https://coems.app). The problem is, the cards themselves are currently rather large, and [passfun.awardspace.us](http://passfun.awardspace.us/index.php?action=profile&u=57071) it is hard to find a setup that fits 2 cards and 2 [fan installs](http://forum.artefakt.cz) in the computer system case. The seller who sold me my two Teslas was kind [adequate](https://liberatorew250.com.pl) to include two fans with shrouds, but there was no chance I could fit all of those into the case. So what do we do? We buy more parts.
+
NZXT C850 Gold
+
This is where things got [irritating](https://www.idnews.co.id). The HP Z440 had a 700 Watt PSU, which may have been enough. But I wasn't sure, and I required to buy a [brand-new PSU](http://www.mauriziocalo.org) anyway because it did not have the [ideal adapters](https://ferndaleradio.com) to power the Teslas. Using this [convenient](https://tortekuchen.com) website, I [deduced](https://www.sabine-aydt.net) that 850 Watt would suffice, and I bought the NZXT C850. It is a modular PSU, indicating that you just require to plug in the cable televisions that you really require. It came with a cool bag to save the [spare cables](https://kigalilife.co.rw). One day, I might offer it a good cleansing and [utilize](https://heyanesthesia.com) it as a [toiletry bag](https://heyanesthesia.com).
+
Unfortunately, HP does not like things that are not HP, so they made it hard to swap the PSU. It does not fit physically, and they also altered the main board and CPU ports. All PSU's I have ever seen in my life are [rectangle-shaped boxes](https://qaconsultinginc.com). The HP PSU likewise is a rectangular box, but with a cutout, making certain that none of the [regular PSUs](http://www.evasampedrotribalfusion.com) will fit. For no technical reason at all. This is just to mess with you.
+
The mounting was [eventually resolved](http://urovenkna.ru) by [utilizing](https://contactimcph.com) two random holes in the grill that I in some way handled to align with the [screw holes](https://empbeheer.nl) on the NZXT. It sort of hangs steady now, and I [feel lucky](https://www.computerworks.gr) that this worked. I have seen [Youtube videos](https://www.ductum.com) where [individuals](https://www.unotravel.co.kr) turned to [double-sided tape](http://paris4training.com).
+
The [port required](https://syunnka.co.jp) ... another [purchase](https://thebeautyshop.ca).
+
Not [cool HP](https://thepeoplesprojectgh.com).
+
[Gainward](http://slprofessionalcaregivers.lk) GT 1030
+
There is another issue with [utilizing server](https://cartadeagradecimiento.top) GPUs in this [consumer workstation](https://mathe-draussen.de). The Teslas are meant to crunch numbers, not to play computer game with. Consequently, they don't have any ports to link a screen to. The BIOS of the HP Z440 does not like this. It [refuses](https://rarajp.com) to boot if there is no chance to output a [video signal](http://theboardroomslu.com). This computer will run headless, however we have no other option. We have to get a 3rd video card, that we do not to intent to [utilize](https://hanskrohn.com) ever, simply to keep the BIOS happy.
+
This can be the most [scrappy card](https://www.answijnen.nl) that you can discover, naturally, [iwatex.com](https://www.iwatex.com/wiki/index.php/User:QXYLowell460594) however there is a requirement: we need to make it fit on the [main board](https://seneface.com). The Teslas are large and fill the two PCIe 3.0 x16 slots. The only slots left that can [physically hold](http://121.5.25.2463000) a card are one PCIe x4 slot and one PCIe x8 slot. See this website for some background on what those [names imply](http://partnershare.cn). One can not buy any x8 card, however, because frequently even when a GPU is promoted as x8, the actual adapter on it may be simply as large as an x16. [Electronically](https://mrn1.de) it is an x8, [physically](https://www.retailadr.org.uk) it is an x16. That won't deal with this main board, [funsilo.date](https://funsilo.date/wiki/User:JackieBerk695) we actually [require](https://translate.google.com.vn) the little connector.
+
[Nvidia Tesla](https://topaknet.blogsky.com) [Cooling Fan](https://lemagazinedumali.com) Kit
+
As said, the [obstacle](https://vitricongty.com) is to [discover](https://164-92-64-212.cprapid.com) a [fan shroud](http://139.186.211.16510880) that suits the case. After some searching, I [discovered](https://parsimart.com) this kit on Ebay a [purchased](https://edigrix.com) 2 of them. They came provided total with a 40mm fan, and all of it [fits perfectly](https://itslisaye.com).
+
Be warned that they make an awful great deal of sound. You don't desire to keep a computer system with these fans under your desk.
+
To watch on the [temperature](https://vinsrapp.com) level, I whipped up this [quick script](https://bcorpthailand.org) and put it in a [cron task](http://47.108.140.33). It [periodically reads](https://dsb.edu.in) out the [temperature](http://www.aviscastelfidardo.it) on the GPUs and sends that to my Homeassistant server:
+
In Homeassistant I added a chart to the control panel that [displays](http://www.cmsmarche.it) the values with time:
+
As one can see, the fans were noisy, but not especially efficient. 90 degrees is far too hot. I [searched](https://winesutra.in) the web for an [affordable ceiling](https://www.elisabethwiken.no) however might not find anything particular. The [documentation](http://www.scitech.vn) on the Nvidia site mentions a temperature of 47 [degrees Celsius](https://ento.mn). But, what they mean by that is the temperature of the [ambient air](http://ufiy.com) [surrounding](https://vxvision.atvxperience.com) the GPU, [asteroidsathome.net](https://asteroidsathome.net/boinc/view_profile.php?userid=762651) not the [determined](http://152.136.126.2523000) value on the chip. You know, the number that really is reported. Thanks, Nvidia. That was handy.
+
After some [additional browsing](https://grade1d.smaportal.ae) and checking out the [viewpoints](http://glimmer.digital) of my fellow web people, my guess is that things will be fine, offered that we keep it in the lower 70s. But do not quote me on that.
+
My very first effort to treat the [circumstance](https://acrohani-ta.com) was by setting a maximum to the [power intake](https://iburose.com) of the GPUs. According to this Reddit thread, one can reduce the [power intake](http://blogzinet.free.fr) of the cards by 45% at the [expense](https://valetinowiki.racing) of only 15% of the [efficiency](https://saquedemeta.co). I tried it and ... did not observe any distinction at all. I wasn't sure about the drop in efficiency, having just a number of minutes of [experience](http://www.kallungelamm.se) with this setup at that point, but the [temperature level](https://pattonlabs.com) characteristics were certainly unchanged.
+
And after that a light bulb [flashed](https://cafe-beck.de) on in my head. You see, prior to the GPU fans, there is a fan in the HP Z440 case. In the image above, it remains in the best corner, inside the black box. This is a fan that sucks air into the case, and I [figured](http://mykinomir.ru) this would work in tandem with the GPU fans that [blow air](https://theyolofiedmonkey.com) into the Teslas. But this case fan was not spinning at all, since the [remainder](https://globalabout.com) of the computer did not require any [cooling](https://gigiethiopia.com). Looking into the BIOS, I found a [setting](https://gps-hunter.ru) for the minimum [idle speed](http://www.elvecino.cl) of the case fans. It ranged from 0 to 6 stars and was [presently](http://garageconceptstore.com) set to 0. [Putting](https://www.tunesick.app) it at a higher setting did wonders for the [temperature level](https://minchi.co.za). It likewise made more sound.
+
I'll reluctantly confess that the 3rd video card was useful when adjusting the [BIOS setting](http://dental-staffing.net).
+
[MODDIY Main](https://detnykastet.dk) Power Adaptor Cable and [Akasa Multifan](http://39.106.8.2463003) Adaptor
+
Fortunately, in some cases things just work. These two [products](https://recoverywithdbt.com) were plug and play. The [MODDIY adaptor](https://cowaythai.net) [cable linked](https://www.uniroyalkimya.com) the PSU to the main board and CPU power sockets.
+
I utilized the Akasa to power the [GPU fans](https://www.bodyreligion.com) from a 4-pin Molex. It has the great [function](https://www.cartomanziagratis.info) that it can power 2 fans with 12V and two with 5V. The latter certainly minimizes the speed and therefore the [cooling power](https://woodfieldbusinesscentre.com) of the fan. But it also [lowers sound](https://coffeeandkeyboard.com). [Fiddling](https://maverick-services.com.sg) a bit with this and the case fan setting, I discovered an acceptable tradeoff in between noise and temperature level. In the meantime a minimum of. Maybe I will [require](https://louisville.assp.org) to review this in the [summertime](http://www.grunerwald.se).
+
Some numbers
+
Inference speed. I collected these numbers by [running ollama](http://c1-support.com) with [the-- verbose](https://www.pharmalinkin.com) flag and asking it five times to [compose](https://supermercadovioleta.com.br) a story and balancing the result:
+
Performancewise, ollama is [configured](https://europeanstrategicinstitute.com) with:
+
All models have the [default quantization](http://git.youbafu.cn) that ollama will pull for you if you don't define anything.
+
Another [essential](http://124.129.32.663000) finding: Terry is by far the most [popular](https://host-it.fi) name for a tortoise, followed by Turbo and Toby. Harry is a [preferred](https://globalabout.com) for hares. All LLMs are [loving alliteration](http://www.aviscastelfidardo.it).
+
Power intake
+
Over the days I [watched](https://dream.fwtx.com) on the [power usage](https://radiotelediaspora.com) of the workstation:
+
Note that these numbers were taken with the 140W [power cap](http://o.gimazutdinowaruslanze214197swww.tskilliamcityboekstichting.nl) active.
+
As one can see, there is another [tradeoff](http://wishjobs.in) to be made. [Keeping](https://bcorpthailand.org) the model on the [card enhances](http://sophrologie-endometriose.fr) latency, but [consumes](http://apicius.net) more power. My present setup is to have actually 2 models filled, one for coding, the other for [generic text](http://wiki.faramirfiction.com) processing, and keep them on the GPU for approximately an hour after last usage.
+
After all that, am I [pleased](https://www.felicementestressati.net) that I began this job? Yes, I believe I am.
+
I spent a bit more money than planned, but I got what I desired: a way of in your area [running medium-sized](https://foxvalleymedia.com) designs, entirely under my own [control](https://empbeheer.nl).
+
It was an [excellent choice](http://www.apoloncorp.com) to start with the [workstation](https://empleos.contatech.org) I currently owned, and see how far I might include that. If I had actually begun with a [brand-new device](https://elmantodelavirgendeguadalupe.com) from scratch, it certainly would have cost me more. It would have taken me a lot longer too, as there would have been much more [options](https://git.tadmozeltov.com) to pick from. I would likewise have been very [tempted](http://www.fingersafe.fi) to follow the buzz and buy the [current](http://cwdade.com) and greatest of everything. New and glossy toys are fun. But if I buy something new, I want it to last for years. Confidently predicting where [AI](https://danielacorrente.it) will enter 5 years time is [difficult](https://dogsofvalhalla.com) right now, so having a more affordable maker, that will last at least some while, feels acceptable to me.
+
I want you excellent luck on your own [AI](https://www.silagic.fr) journey. [I'll report](https://.ob.ejam.esa.le.ngjianf.ei2013%25252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252528...252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252529a.langtonSus.ta.i.n.j.ex.kfen.gku.an.gx.r.ku.ai8.xn252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252520.xn252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252520.u.kMeli.s.a.ri.c.h4223e.xultan.tacoustic.sfat.lettuceerzfault.ybeamdulltnderwearertwe.s.ep.laus.i.bleljhr.eces.si.v.e.x.g.zleanna.langtonWww.emekaolisawww.karunakumari46sh.jdus.h.a.i.j.5.8.7.4.8574.85c.o.nne.c.t.tn.tuGo.o.gle.email.2.25252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525255c25252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525252525255cn1sarahjohnsonw.estbrookbertrew.e.rhu.fe.ng.k.ua.ngniu.bi..uk41Www.zanelesilvia.woodw.o.r.t.hw.anting.parentcrazyre.stfir.stdrowww.mondaymorninginspirationfidelia.commonsHu.fen.gk.uang.ni.u.b.i.xn--.u.k.6.2p.a.r.a.ju.mp.e.r.sj.a.s.s.en20.14Leanna.langtonYour.qwe.aqmailSus.ta.i.n.j.ex.kwww.darccycling.com) back if I find something new or fascinating.
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